Note ·
Robinhood Chain's four-million-dollar gas days are paid by trading bots and routers
Chain fees rose about 75-fold in two weeks to roughly 1,900 ETH a day. Trading routers and bridges pay most of it at under one gwei.
Robinhood Chain transaction fees by contract called, per day
US dollars per day
On 2 September Robinhood Chain collected about 1,922 ETH in transaction fees, roughly $4.6 million, up from 25 ETH a day in the third week of August. "The chain just did $4m in ONE DAY" was the most-liked framing on X, followed by a wave of "what are these gas fees" posts. The question worth asking is who is paying.
The price of gas barely moved. The base fee went from about 0.02 gwei to 0.5 or 0.6 gwei. An average transaction on 3 September cost 0.00015 ETH, about 37 cents. A typical bot swap through a router burns 350,000 gas, under 50 cents. The chain earns millions because it clears 12 million transactions and 3.4 trillion gas a day, not because any single transaction is expensive.
Who pays. We took every transaction of the last eight days with the fee it was actually charged, grouped by the contract it called, and cross-checked the totals against receipts sampled through public RPC endpoints, which agree to within 7 percent. On 3 September, 26 percent of all fees were paid by transactions into the GMGN trading-bot routers. Relay, a bridge and swap relayer, paid 16 percent. ERC-4337 smart-account bundles paid 9 percent, and in a sample of recent operations nearly all of them paid from the account's own balance rather than a sponsor. Axiom, unlabelled bot routers, DEX and aggregator routers, and the Pons launchpad make up most of the rest. Trading bots and routers together account for about two thirds of what the chain earns.
The table lists the twenty largest payers on 3 September. Hover the chart above for any day and series.
| Contract called | Transactions | Fee (ETH) | Fee (USD) | Share of day |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GMGN router · Trading bot · 0x6505…40dc | 1,700,887 | 448.9 | $1,105,401 | 24.3% |
| Relay ApprovalProxy v3 · Bridge and swap relayer · 0xccc8…15be | 704,553 | 286.3 | $703,815 | 15.5% |
| ERC-4337 EntryPoint v0.8 · Smart-account bundles · 0x4337…f108 | 533,847 | 147.2 | $361,916 | 8.0% |
| Axiom trade router · Trading terminal · 0x4a86…6f60 | 375,995 | 90.7 | $223,482 | 4.9% |
| Unverified router · Trading bot, unlabelled · 0xdf04…4c30 | 291,665 | 85.6 | $210,703 | 4.6% |
| Multicall3 · Batched calls · 0xca11…ca11 | 85,668 | 47.0 | $115,662 | 2.5% |
| DexRouter · Aggregator · 0x6e2a…6919 | 162,329 | 45.6 | $111,536 | 2.5% |
| GMGN router (second instance) · Trading bot · 0xe492…ce2b | 148,645 | 40.0 | $98,311 | 2.2% |
| Uniswap UniversalRouter · DEX · 0x8876…0904 | 331,226 | 37.2 | $91,479 | 2.0% |
| ERC-4337 EntryPoint v0.7 · Smart-account bundles · 0x0000…a032 | 116,446 | 26.5 | $65,084 | 1.4% |
| Pons V2 launch-and-buy · Launchpad · 0xe33e…2948 | 13,323 | 26.5 | $65,173 | 1.4% |
| Uniswap v4 PositionManager · DEX liquidity · 0x58da…4fa7 | 167,503 | 21.4 | $52,580 | 1.2% |
| Unverified contract · Unlabelled · 0xb2a7…7a14 | 5,172 | 19.4 | $47,930 | 1.0% |
| Binance wallet DEX diamond · Aggregator · 0xb300…028d | 72,097 | 19.4 | $47,250 | 1.0% |
| Unverified router · Trading bot, unlabelled · 0xdc7e…79e2 | 88,180 | 17.5 | $43,292 | 1.0% |
| 0x AllowanceHolder · Aggregator · 0x0000…2734 | 70,973 | 13.7 | $33,500 | 0.7% |
| Unverified proxy · Trading bot, unlabelled · 0x1521…dd7b | 78,523 | 12.4 | $30,513 | 0.7% |
| Uniswap SwapRouter02 · DEX · 0xcaf6…5cb2 | 143,032 | 10.7 | $26,150 | 0.6% |
| SwapShell proxy · Trading bot, unlabelled · 0x4262…c7e8 | 40,260 | 10.3 | $25,109 | 0.6% |
| Unverified contract · Unlabelled · 0xe9f8…c652 | 40,146 | 10.1 | $24,633 | 0.5% |
Top twenty contracts by fee actually charged. Together they paid 77 percent of the day's fees. Names are verified source names on the explorer; unverified contracts are described by what they do.
Chain totals and average fees are from the Robinhood Chain Blockscout explorer. Per-contract fees are gas used times effective gas price on Dune, cross-checked with receipts sampled one block in every 400 through public RPC endpoints. ETH prices are CoinGecko daily closes. Labels come from verified source names on the explorer; unverified contracts are grouped by function signature and described, not named.